Axion-Like Particle Detection in Alkali-Noble-Gas Haloscopes

  • Kai Wei School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, China; Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
  • Xiaofei Huang School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, China; Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
  • Xiaolin Ma School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Wei Ji Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany; Helmholtz-Institut, GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung, Mainz 55128, Germany
  • Jia Liu School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for High Energy Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
  • Lei Cong Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz 55128, Germany; Helmholtz-Institut, GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung, Mainz 55128, Germany
  • Wei Quan School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Hangzhou Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou 310051, China; Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31526/jais.2024.505
Keywords: axion-like particles, haloscope, comagnetometer, magnetometer

Abstract

Revealing the essence of dark matter (DM) and dark energy is essential for understanding our universe.
Ultralight (rest energy <10 eV) bosonic particles, including pseudoscalar axions and axion-like particles
(ALPs), have emerged among leading candidates to explain the composition of DM and searching for
them has become an important part of precision-measurement science. Ultrahigh-sensitivity alkali-noblegas-based comagnetometers and magnetometers are being used as powerful haloscopes, i.e., devices designed to search for DM present in the galactic halo. A broad variety of such devices include clockcomparison comagnetometers, self-compensating comagnetometers, hybrid-spin-resonance magnetometer, spin-exchange-relaxation-free magnetometers, nuclear magnetic-resonance magnetometers, Floquet
magnetometers, and masers, as well as devices like the cosmic axion spin-precession experiment (CASPEr)
using liquid 129Xe, prepolarized via spin-exchange optical pumping with rubidium atoms. The combination of alkali metal and noble gas allows one to take the best advantage of the complementary properties of
the two spin systems. This review summarizes the operational principles, experimental setups and the successful explorations of new physics using these haloscopes. Additionally, some limiting factors are pointed
out for further improvement.

Published
2024-06-22
How to Cite
[1]
K. Wei, “Axion-Like Particle Detection in Alkali-Noble-Gas Haloscopes”, Journal of Advanced Instrumentation in Science, vol. 2024, no. 1, Jun. 2024.
Issue
Volume 2024
Section
Experimental challenges in the direct search for dark matter

Journal of Advanced Instrumentation in Science (JAIS) is an open access journal published by Andromeda Publishing and Education Services. The articles in JAIS are distributed according to the terms of the creative commons license CC-BY 4.0. Under the terms of this license, copyright is retained by the author while use, distribution and reproduction in any medium are permitted provided proper credit is given to original authors and sources.

Terms of Submission

By submitting an article for publication in JAIS, the submitting author asserts that:

1. The article presents original contributions by the author(s) which have not been published previously in a peer-reviewed medium and are not subject to copyright protection.

2. The co-authors of the article, if any, as well as any institution whose approval is required, agree to the publication of the article in JAIS.